Open-Access Resources

The following documents have been created or co-created by the Maryland Pesticide Safety Education Program

Pesticides and Endangered Species Act Overview

  1. An Overview of the Endangered Species Act and Pesticides (September 2023): Niranjana Krishnan (University of Maryland) and Ashlea Frank (Compliance Services International)

  2. Introduction to Pesticide Registration and the Endangered Species Act (December 2024): Elyssa Arnold (USDA), Douglass Cameron (USDA), Bill Chism (Weed Science Society of America), Kimberly Brown (University of Tennessee), and Niranjana Krishnan (University of Maryland). Accompanying FAQ: FAQ to Introduction to Pesticide Registration and the Endangered Species Act

  3. Endangered Species Act: Winter 2026 Training (December 2025): Bill Chism (Weed Science Society of America), Kimberly Brown (University of Tennessee), and Niranjana Krishnan (University of Maryland)

  4. Current Endangered Species Act Pesticide Mitigation Measures in Maryland (March 2026): Niranjana Krishnan

Pesticides and Endangered Species Act Strategies

  1. Draft Insecticide Strategy (August 2024): Michael Zhao and Niranjana Krishnan

  2. Final Herbicide Strategy (August 2024): Michael Zhao and Niranjana Krishnan

  3. Final Rodenticide Strategy (December 2024): Michael Zhao and Niranjana Krishnan

  4. Final Insecticide Strategy (July 2025): Michael Zhao and Niranjana Krishnan

Other Resources (short) on Pesticides and Endangered Species Act

  1. Bulletins Live! Two (BLT) Guide (April 2024; English) and Bulletins Live! Two (BLT) Guide (August 2024; Spanish): Michael Zhao and Niranjana Krishnan

  2. How to make public comments on proposed federal actions (April 2024; English) and How to make public comments on proposed federal actions (August 2024; Spanish): Michael Zhao and Niranjana Krishnan

  3. Vulnerable Species Action Plan Short Summary (October 2024): Michael Zhao and Niranjana Krishnan

  4. EPA’s Mitigation Menu (October 2024): Michael Zhao and Niranjana Krishnan

Pesticide/IPM Blog Posts

  1. What to know before applying pesticides in your garden (August 2023): Niranjana Krishnan

  2. Monarch butterfly proposed listing decision (January 2025; English) and Monarch butterfly proposed listing decision (February 2025; Spanish): Michael Adu-Brew, Jillian Stewart, Michael Zhao, and Niranjana Krishnan

  3. Beyond Conventional Chemicals: Biological and Natural Products for Pest Control (October 2025; English) and Beyond Conventional Chemicals: Biological and Natural Products for Pest Control (October 2025; Spanish): Michael Zhao and Niranjana Krishnan

  4. Need to use a pesticide? Read and follow the label first! (December 2025; English) and Need to use a pesticide? Read and follow the label first! (December 2025; Spanish): Niranjana Krishnan

  5. Assist Raptor Recovery while Controlling Farmland Pests – the Maryland Bird Conservation Partnership's Farmland Raptor Program (May 2026; English): Teagan Flaherty and Niranjana Krishnan